MiG-17 Fresco Soviet Fighter

MiG-17 Fresco Soviet Fighter With the presentation of the fruitful MiG-15 out of 1949, the Soviet Union squeezed forward with plans for a follow-on airplane. Planners at Mikoyan-Gurevich started adjusting the prior airplanes structure to expand execution and taking care of. Among the progressions that were made was the presentation of a compound cleared wing which was set at a 45â ° edge close to the fuselage and 42â ° farther detachable. Likewise, the wing was more slender than the MiG-15 and the tail structure changed to improve steadiness at high speeds. For power, the MiG-17 depended on the more seasoned airplanes Klimov VK-1 motor. First taking to the sky on January 14, 1950, with Ivan Ivashchenko at the controls, the model was lost two months after the fact in an accident. Named the SI, testing proceeded with extra models for the following 18 months. A second interceptor variation, the SP-2, was likewise evolved and included the Izumrud-1 (RP-1) radar. Full-scale creation of the MiG-17 started in August 1951 and the sort got the NATO revealing name Fresco. Similarly as with its antecedent, the MiG-17 was equipped with two 23 mm gun and one 37 mm gun mounted under the nose. MiG-17F Specifications General Length:â 37 ft. 3 in.Wingspan: 31 ft. 7 in.Height: 12 ft. 6 in.Wing Area:â 243.2 sq. ft.Empty Weight:â 8,646 lbs.Crew: 1 Execution Force Plant:â 1ãâ€"Klimov VK-1F afterburning turbojetRange: 745 milesMax Speed:â 670 mphCeiling: 54,500 ft. Combat hardware 1 x 37 mm Nudelman N-37 cannon2 x 23 mm Nudelman-Rikhter NR-23 cannonsup t0 1,100 lbs. of outer stores on two hardpoints Creation Variants While the MiG-17 warrior and MiG-17P interceptor spoke to the main variations of the airplane, they were supplanted in 1953 with the appearance of the MiG-17F and MiG-17PF. These were furnished with the Klimov VK-1F motor which included a max engine propulsion and fundamentally improved the MiG-17s execution. Therefore, this turned into the most created kind of the airplane. After three years, few airplane were changed over to MiG-17PM and used the Kaliningrad K-5 aerial rocket. While most MiG-17 variations had outer hardpoints for around 1,100 lbs. in bombs, they were commonly utilized for drop tanks. As creation advanced in the USSR, they gave a permit to their Warsaw Pacy partner Poland for building the airplane in 1955. Worked by WSK-Mielec, the Polish variation of the MiG-17 was assigned Lim-5. Proceeding with creation into the 1960s, the Poles created assault and observation variations of the sort. In 1957, the Chinese started permit creation of the MiG-17 under the name Shenyang J-5. Further building up the airplane, they likewise fabricated radar-prepared interceptors (J-5A) and a two-seat coach (JJ-5). Creation of this last variation proceeded until 1986. On the whole, more than 10,000 MiG-17s of assorted types were assembled. Operational History In spite of the fact that showing up after the expected time for administration in the Korean War, the MiG-17s battle debut came in the Far East when Communist Chinese airplane connected with Nationalist Chinese F-86 Sabers over the Straits of Taiwan in 1958. The sort likewise observed broad help against American airplane during the Vietnam War. First captivating a gathering of US F-8 Crusaders on April 3, 1965, the MiG-17 demonstrated shockingly compelling against further developed American strike airplane. An agile warrior, the MiG-17 brought down 71 American airplane during the contention and drove the American flying administrations to found improved canine battling preparing. Serving in more than twenty aviation based armed forces around the world, it was utilized by the Warsaw Pact countries for a great part of the 1950s and mid 1960s until being supplanted by the MiG-19 and MiG-21. Furthermore, it saw battle with the Egyptian and Syrian Air Forces during Arab-Israeli clashes including the 1956 Suez Crisis, the Six-Day War, the Yom Kippur War, and the 1982 attack of Lebanon. In spite of the fact that to a great extent resigned, the MiG-21 is as yet being used with some flying corps including China (JJ-5), North Korea, and Tanzania.

Teaching English to Speaker of Other Languages

Question: Portray about instructing english to speaker of different dialects. Answer: I need to join the TESOL (Teaching English to Speaker of Other Languages) as I have consistently expected to set up myself in the scholarly system. The TESOL program is intended to such an extent that it will assist me with gaining a superior understanding of the English language simultaneously it will likewise permit me to figure out how to show the language to the non-speaker of English language. TESOL program is carefully intended to instruct English to the instructors who are training understudies whose local language isn't English. In this manner, it is important to instruct them to utilize appropriate emphasize and articulation. Consequently, the TESOL program will permit me to turn into a specialist on instructing English to the understudies who don't communicate in English. In future, I will be an instructor thusly this course will add to my accreditations just as improve my educating capacity. As by and by, there is huge number of understudies who originate from various nati ons and join various courses in United States and all things considered, English won't be the primary language of every one of them. In any case, as an instructor I will likewise need to educate them. Accordingly, this course is fundamental for me to figure out how to show the understudies who couldn't communicate in English in an effective way. It will likewise be hard for them to comprehend the way to express an English-talking individual. This course will permit me to instruct them in a way with the goal that they can see each talk. This will thus make the showing procedure increasingly viable and result of the instructive framework will be improved.

The Problem of Evil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Problem of Evil - Essay Example In any case, this world is loaded up with things past wickedness and individuals do feel agony and enduring, which repudiates the cases of conventional theist that God is superbly acceptable. This contention is called issue of abhorrence. Is God ready to forestall malicious, yet not capable? At that point is He weak. Is it true that he is capable, however not willing? At that point is He pernicious. Is it true that he is both capable and willing? Whence then is detestable? (Hume) In an endeavor to unwind the complexities of this situation, scarcely any questions must be made. Fiendish goes past what we don't need others to do to us. As per Hick, there are two orders of wickedness. Initially, the ethical fiendishness which incorporates those demonstrations an individual or gathering might be mindful of, for example, the seven dangerous sins and that's just the beginning. Second sort is the common shrewdness. Torment and enduring brought by common cataclysms which individuals has no po wer over. Despite the fact that the line which isolates the two is as yet hazy, since some normal insidiousness are results of human activities or absence of activity. By the by, we can't deny the way that there are things outside our ability to control - mishaps and cataclysmic events. Detestable is frequently connected with enduring which features an individual’s feeling of torment or misfortune that centers around a specific sort of insidiousness: one which is considered as a result of a demonstration as opposed to an increasingly unique idea. Accordingly emerge another disarray which is the presence of damnation - a spot where God put the individuals who have bombed Him to spoil and endure; in light of the fact that this very thought negates the possibility of a caring God. Augustinian theodicy contends that God is completely acceptable, along these lines He’s not answerable for the presence of insidiousness on the planet. It guarantees that underhanded isn't the i nverse; rather it is the nonattendance of good. As indicated by this theodicy, detestable occurs because of people’s abuse of their through and through freedom, thusly excusing God and putting the fault of all abhorrent and enduring to individuals who misuse their choice. This specific case of Augustinian theodicy makes the subject all the more confusing, for it puts all the fault to the ‘finitely perfect’ being, that is us people, who neglects to pick flawlessness, consequently moving the fault back to the Creator. Besides, the term ‘privation’ is lacking avocation for the evident impacts of wickedness in its most genuine sense. At that point comes the information on development - a procedure by which people, being the most mind boggling animals, figure out how to adjust and develop as per its condition. This is the case of Irenaean theodicy which is repeated by John Hick on his Soul-production theodicy. Hick characterizes soul-production as the pre sence of insidious and enduring which permits defective animals to grow out of their blemishes and create to an increasingly impeccable state. It underlines on the advancement by rehearsing through and through freedom, individuals can beat allurements and enduring subsequently carrying them closer to flawlessness and to God. Not at all like that of the Augustinians which give a lot of weight on the cynicism of the presence of insidiousness, Irenaean theodicy places God in an epistemic good ways from us. It clarifies that this separation is intended for us to figure out how to cherish God on our own unrestrained choice by beating all the troubles He puts on our way as we venture through life. Malicious is made by God to sharpen the inward qualities we have, for certain beliefs need to experience a few troubles to create like that of mental fortitude and pardoning in the midst of misery. This theodicy accepts that people advance towards a higher state by

The Dual Womanist Perspective of Jhumpa Lahiris Short Stories - Literature Essay Samples

Jhumpa Lahiri is a Pulitzer Prize-winning short story author, one who has been lauded as one of the first authors to establish a literature for Indian/Bengali-Americans. These diasporic writings address many issues that involve adapting to new cultures, generational relationships and traditional gender roles for both men and women. Many have declared that Lahiri is a proponent of feminism, however, a closer reading of her the characters and plot within her short stories reveals that her writings display both pro-womanist and anti-womanist sentiments. Jhumpa Lahiri has written two books of short stories: Unaccustomed Earth and The Interpreter of Maladies. These short stories contribute to the womanist genre but also subvert this genre in other ways by placing the masculine over the feminine. This occurs in â€Å"A Temporary Matter† from â€Å"The Interpreter of Maladies† as well as â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† and Nobody’s Business† from her other collec tion. An examination of characters and plot within these stories allows us to see the conflict that is created between the expected gender roles of male and females, generational differences in the perspective of this dichotomy, as well as the difficulties that surround cultural diasporization—all of which demonstrates that her stories contribute and detract from womanist ideals. If many of her critics would take a closer look â€Å"they would have known her to be writing against rather than with those significant segments of the past half-century’s feminist culture† (Cussen 5). The womanist movement differs from that of feminism only because it is focused on women of color, in this case American-Bengali women. Thus it may seem it requires an even greater focus because of the greater persecution of women of color over Caucasian women, though both often lie at a disadvantage. Up until this point, womanism has primarily focused on African women and the desire they have for greater freedom and rights. Other forms of womanism may develop but in the meantime, â€Å"Indian-/Bengali-American womanism is yet to be heard of, let alone articulated and this is unfortunate. Though she never explicitly addresses womanism by name in her fiction, the womanistic manifestations of Jhumpa Lahiri in her various works of fiction provide an insightful point of exploration† (Kasun 8). Many of the characters in her stories are women that are exploring their independence in the face of their traditional genders role, rooted in their culture. Indian/Bengali women face differe nt cultural expectations than African or Middle Eastern women would and Jhumpa Lahiri seems to make an effort at raising awareness of their plight. However, we can also see evidence that contradicts a womanist reading of her collections of short stories. Her stories â€Å"highlight Lahiri’s intervention in complicating and expanding feminist critical expectations† (Ranasinha 175). The first of these stories is â€Å"A Temporary Matter†. It begins with a young married couple, Shukumar and Shoba. Despite the fact that they are married, because of a tragedy they live like strangers until a scheduled electrical outage in the neighborhood brings them together. The four nights of darkness gives them time to talk to teach other. We are slowly given bits and pieces of memory that bring insight to the distance that separate Shukumar and Shoba. It is revealed that they are mourning over the death of their stillborn baby. This traumatic loss drives a wedge between them. The readers feel hope that they can be reconciled because with each night of darkness, they confess more and more of their secrets to each other. Many of them are simple things like having a late night with a friend, a photo from a magazine, or disliking a sweater vest. However, this hope for their marriage is quickly dimmed as they both reveal one last confession. Shoba admits that she is moving o ut and has found her own apartment and Shukumar tells her that he saw and held their stillborn son. Ultimately, â€Å"they wept for the things they now knew† (Lahiri, â€Å"Interpreter of Maladies† 22). In this story, Lahiri uses her descriptions of Shoba to place masculine over feminine. In this vein of thought, â€Å"the woman becomes the object, the body, wheras the masculine is granted the power of asserting his nihilating look at the feminine being-in-itself as a passive object† (Asl 124). This idea of nihilating the female by placing the masculine in a station of power and the metaphor of vision are both connected with constructs of sexual differences and gender roles. We see this phenomenon in advertising and the way that a woman’s physical appearance is viewed. Men are frequently placed in a position of power while women are merely passive objects in the story of their lives. This is obvious in the writing of Lahiri in â€Å"A Temporary Matter† because Shoba is frequently being looked at by Shukumar or described to the reader. She is reduced to a physical entity as she and Shukumar only occupy the same space physically, not emotionally. This is a method Lahiri also uses in a few of her other stories. It undermines a feminist reading of the story. Her physical appearance is discussed frequently throughout the story. In one instance, Shukumar notes that â€Å"her beauty, which had once overwhelmed him, seemed to fade. The cosmetics that had seemed superfluous were necessary now, not to improve her but to define her somehow† (14). Shoba is put into the position of being looked at and relegated to being an object which is defined by her cosmetics. Shukumar can no longer relate to her on an emotional level and this is causing their marriage to fall apart. Even before the death of their baby, Shukumar seeks some sort of attraction elsewhere. During the course of their secret telling, he admits to her that he had cut out a picture of a woman—an advertisement for stockings—that he had found strangely attractive because Shoba had been pregnant at the time and had grown so large â€Å"to the point where Shukumar no longer wanted to touch her† (19). Especially pregnant, Shoba was not attractive to him anymore and he found himself in a position of dominance over her because of this perspective on her attractiveness. â€Å"A Temporary Matter† relegates women to an object in the sight of men and is in direct contrast to the idea that Lahiri is primarily a feminist writer who portrays strong, independent female characters that resist cultural norms. Another story that introduces the same idea of women being objectified is â€Å"Nobody’s Business† which is also introduced in the collection â€Å"Unaccus tomed Earth.† Sang, an Indian American immigrant, is in a relationship with Farouk, an Egyptian man who is away in Vancouver. Farouk returns and he and Sang spend all of their time together. One of her roommates, Paul, is fascinated by her and wishes that he could be in a relationship with her. While Sang is visiting her sister in London, Paul receives a phone call from a woman named Deirdre who says that she is Farouk’s lover. Paul decides not to tell Sang what happened. Eventually she finds out that a woman but does not believe Paul when he tells her what she had called about. Eventually she listens in to a conversation between Deirdre and Paul, Sang decides to go to Farouk’s apartment and she and Paul confront him together. Farouk and Paul fight and eventually the police arrive to calm things down. Sang then returns to London to be with her sister and Paul goes about his life before Sang arrived. Sang, like Shuma, is frequently described physically in the way that Paul (who desire to have a relationship with her) perceives her. At one point, he sees her in a towel after just finishing a shower. â€Å"For weeks, he had longed to catch a glimpse of her this way, and still he felt wholly unprepared for the vision of her bare legs and arms, her damp face and shoulders† (Lahiri, â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† 190). Just like Shuma, she is relegated to an object—a phenomenon that Paul hopes to catch a glimpse of. It is interesting that we never get many physical descriptions of Paul, Farouk, or any other man in her stories. But nearly every story has a description of what the woman looks like. Paul sees her again when â€Å"she came up to his room, wearing a pretty dress he’d never seen, a white cotton short-sleeved dress, fitted at the waist. The neck was square, showing off her collarbones† (205). This is an example of when â€Å"the woman becomes t he object, the body, wheras the masculine is granted the power of asserting his nihilating look at the feminine being-in-itself as a passive object† (Asl 124). Despite the examples of independent, feminist women in her stories, Lahiri reminds her readers of the reality that women are frequently relegated to objects in both the Western world and the Indian/Bengali culture. Another story written by Lahiri that suggests the complicated dichotomy between male and females is â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† from her second book of short stories. This short story involves familial relationships between three generations, a father, daughter, and grandson. This is in addition to the discussion of cultural immersion and gender roles. However, we do not see objectification of the female character. The father visits his daughter, Ruma, and her son, Akash. After her mother’s death, Ruma suddenly felt a strong desire to resume many of the same roles that her mother played. Ruma left a successful career outside the home to raise children while her husband Adam supports her. After her two-week bereavement after her mother’s death, â€Å"overseeing her client’s futures, preparing their wills and refinancing their mortgages, felt ridiculous to her, and all she wanted was to stay home with Akash† (â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† 5). She suddenly has more of a desire for maternity, a womanist trait, and Lahiri points out that â€Å"it was the house that was her work now† (6). Since it is also her choice to stay at home, she does display more independence and ability than someone might who is forced to remain at home by cultural requirements. It is also interesting to note that despite the fact that her father is of a more traditional Bengali culture, he encourages her to seek employment outside of the home. He himself is beginning to embrace Western ideas when he begins dating a woman who wears western clothing, like cardigans and slacks. However, Ruma finds staying at home with her son more fulfilling and does not seem to miss the time that she had in the work place. This demonstration of choice in her desire to remain at home, Ruma is different from some of Lahiri’s other characters who stay at home like Mrs. Sen or who in reality don’t speak much throughout the story, like Shoba. â€Å"By placing her female characters in traditional roles—such as nearly silent, often jobless housewives and/or mothers—Lahiri displays, through the inner monologue and narrative of her female characters, their impact on other characters’ consciousnesses, and their communal bonding—in short, their great power†¦despite situating her female characters as outwardly powerless in Western society, Lahiri reveals their inner adaptability yet not over-assimilatory nature† (Kasun 20). The character of Ruma really demonstrates the contrast between the traditional gender roles encouraged by Indian/Bengali culture and the ideas of feminism and womanism that many believe Lahiri promotes. She has an ability to choose for herself a career and be independent, but she realizes that she is drawn to the responsibility of motherhood and staying at home with her son instead of seeking the Western idea of success in a professional life. Lahiri is presenting her audience with the idea that maybe gender expectations can fit with the ideas of womanism. We see that the subversion and support of a feminist reading of Lahiri’s works exist simultaneously. Both tradition and non-traditional gender roles are demonstrated which leads us to realize that in these stories â€Å"the configuration of gender roles for both male and female characters become an intertwined, continuous process. Although there are some characteristics that can be attributed to the different generations of character, an analysis of these narratives show that they reject stereotypical representations of male or female characters† (Marques vi). When characters are surrounded by their own culture, it becomes easier and more necessary to follow the normative approach to gender roles and the traditions of their culture. Many of Lahiri’s stories involve Indian/Bengalis who are transplanted into a new Western culture where traditional gender roles are not necessarily the norm. Their diasporic state creates a conflict between the culture of their herita ge and the desire to assimilate with their newfound culture. This creates situations where we begin to see a rejection of typical gender roles and stereotypes. One of the examples of the rejection of these stereotypes is in how Lahiri writes her male characters. Traditionally male characters in Asian diasporic literature are oppressive figures who are esteemed above women. However, most of the characters in these short stories â€Å"struggle almost in the same manner as the female characters do to deal with their feelings of being hyphenated subjects who live in between worlds. As a consequence, the male characters in her narratives often distance themselves from the stereotypical representation of Indian male characters† (Marques 3). We can look at Shukumar for an example of a non-traditional male character. At the beginning of his marriage to Shoba it seems that she followed the gender expectations of their culture by cooking traditional foods for him and cleaning the house. However, after the death of their baby, their roles seem to become opposite. Shukumar begins to do more of the cooking. He stays at home and makes sure that th e chores get done around the house. Despite the fact that womanists may choose to reject typical gender roles, they celebrate characteristics like maternity. After the death of her child in pregnancy, she rejects this role of motherhood and seeks to separate herself from femininity in many ways and chooses to work outside of the home more and more until Shukumar does take over the daily duties around the house. Lahiri paints her characters in the typical male/female fashion and then chooses to subvert these characteristics through small differences that separate them from the typical mold. Another example of a non-traditional male character in Lahiri’s stories is Paul, Sang’s roommate in â€Å"Nobody’s Business.† He is not of the same culture as Sang but he does not follow many of the gender norms that have been placed on males even in Western culture. We find him to be unexpectedly feminine. He does not have a strong, assertive personality and has retreated into some form of a shell. Even though the story is written in a third person perspective of his life, Sang is the center focus. He wants to have a relationship with Sang but does nothing to make this a reality. In a self-analysis of a previous relationship, as it came to an end he realizes that â€Å"he had not argued; in the wake of his shame, he became strangely efficient and agreeable, with her, with everyone† (â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† 187). Many would see this reaction as a fairly feminine one. He becomes a spectator in his own relationship and accepts the fate that s he places onto him. He feels shame and hides by becoming agreeable with everyone—a common coping mechanism for women. The only point that it seems he displays masculine characteristics is when he goes with Sang to confront Farouk and they get into a fight. Despite this, Paul is generally a contradiction—not the masculine character you might expect him to be. Lahiri continues to throw off the balance between the male and female characters in her stories. Even in â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth,† Ruma’s father, who may seem even more displaced because of generational differences begins to embrace western ideas and finds himself struggling to continue to accept the gender norms of his culture. He had been married so long to a tradition woman who cared for him by cleaning, cooking, and being his companion that now that she has passed away, he seeks the companionship of someone radically different. This can be seen as his rejection of a need for traditional roles and a support of both feminist and womanist culture. He also encourages his daughter to work outside of the home despite the fact that this advice goes against much of what their traditional cultural norms are. Ruma’s father is an excellent example of upending the traditional gender roles and upholding a womanist reading of â€Å"Unaccustomed Earth† In some of Lahiri’s stories we see her placing men as the more dominant characters who place the women as objects that they look at, such as in â€Å"A Temporary Matter† with Shoba and Shukumar or with Paul and Sang in â€Å"Nobody’s Business.† However, we also see the male characters taking on female characteristics like Shukumar’s desire to remain at home and take on the household chores and Paul’s inability to be assertive and put himself in control of his relationships. Even still, Lahiri does uphold feminist ideals throughout some of her stories which complicates a critical reading of her stories. Although some scholars would like to use Lahiri’s short stories as an example of purely womanist themes, further examination reveals that the dichotomy between male and female is increasingly complicated. This is especially true in Lahiri’s text because of the complication of cultural differences and the Indian-Bengali diaspora. H er writings both contribute and contest the ideas of womanism and feminism in a way that demonstrates the difficulty of assigning one reading or the other to these short stories. Works Cited Asl, Moussa Pourya, Simon Peter Hull, and Nurul Farhana Low Abdullah. Nihilation of Femininity in the Battle of Looks: A Sartrean Reading of Jhumpa Lahiris A Temporary Matter GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies 16.2 (2016): n. pag. Web. 10 Nov. 2016. Cussen, John. The William Morris in Jhumpa Lahiris Wallpaper and Other of the Writers Reproofs to Literary Scholarship. Journal of Ethnic American Literature 2 (2012): 5-72. Web. Kasun, Genna Welsh. Womanism and the Fiction of Jhumpa Lahiri. Thesis. The University of Vermont, 2009. Print. Lahiri, Jhumpa. Interpreter of Maladies: Stories. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1999. Print. Lahiri, Jhumpa. Unaccustomed Earth. London: Bloomsbury, 2009. Print. Marques, Carine Pereira. Unaccustomed Narratives: Crossing Gender Barriers in the Fiction of Jhumpa Lahiri. Thesis. Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais, 2013. Print. Ranasinha, Ruvani. Migration, Gender and Globalization in Jhumpa Lahiri. Contemporary Diasporic South Asian Womens Fiction: Gender, Narration and Globalisation. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. 175. Print.

Baking Powder Versus Baking Soda

Are you planning some holiday baking? If so, you can use your knowledge of kitchen chemistry to save a trip to the store if you run out of ingredients. One substitution that can be confusing is whether or not you can use baking powder and baking soda interchangeably. Both baking powder and baking soda are used to help baked goods rise, but they arent the same chemicals. The Deal With Baking Soda Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate. If you dont have baking soda, you can use baking powder, but you will need to add about twice as much because baking powder contains baking soda, but it also contains other ingredients. This substitution may affect the flavor of the food, not necessarily in a negative way. If the recipe calls for salt (sodium chloride), you may want to use slightly less. The Deal With Baking Powder Baking powder is sodium bicarbonate and potassium bitartrate. If you dont have baking powder, you cant substitute baking soda, but you can make baking powder using two parts cream of tartar and one part baking soda. For example, two teaspoons of cream of tartar plus one teaspoon of baking soda would give you three teaspoons of baking powder. Unless the recipes states otherwise, begin baking as soon as you have finished mixing the ingredients, since the chemical reaction that causes the rising starts as soon as wet and dry ingredients are mixed.

Auto Repair Of A Family Owned Small Business Essay

A family-owned small business is defined as, â€Å"a corporation that is entirely owned by the members of a single family.† (IFC, 2016) For a family-owned business to succeed it, must establish and maintain the following attributes, the family’s commitment and ability to carry on the business, the ownership structure, meaning having enough capital to grow and having the most capable individuals in the right positions to run the business. It must have a strong governance of the company and a dynamic portfolio to allow for further growth. In addition, wealth management is key in maintaining the businesses current wealth and securing it for future generations, which leads to either creating or engaging with foundations to help promote the family values from generation to generation. (Casper, Dias, Elstrodt 2010) I chose to examine the auto repair business, as my husband owns an auto repair and resale shop, therefore I am more familiar with this industry of family-ow ned businesses than other types of family-owned businesses. The auto repair business has been around for many years and is not about to go anywhere, anytime soon. The target market is anyone with a car. Cars are required to be maintained and repaired in order for them to run. Most American’s rely on their vehicles to get them to work, to school, and so on. According to, Sageworks, people are holding on to their cars longer and â€Å"more people who do not own cars are in the market to become car owners.†Show MoreRelatedDesigning A System Design For An Automobile Repair Business1371 Words   |  6 Pages Our team, the Purple Pirates, is a team composed of 5 people. We have selected to put together the design for a service order and invoicing application for an auto repair business. 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LANSBURY*, SEUNG-HO KWON** CHUNGSOK SUH†  *University of Sydney, **School of International Business, University of New South Wales, †  University of New South Wales ABSTRACT Examination is made of the complex interactions between globalization and employment relations as reï ¬â€šected

Risks Involved In Bandra Worli Sea Link Project Construction Essay Example For Students

Risks Involved In Bandra Worli Sea Link Project Construction Essay The Movement of Vehicles in Mumbai metropolis and the Bandra-Worli Sea nexus undertaking are like disease and anti dote. It is the perfect solution for the site s eternal Movement of Vehicles issue. The native rail web provides better paths, AC managers and conveyances million of travelers. The non-rail constituents have new roads, over Bridgess, metros, and signal system. The Bandra-Worli Sea Link will merely add to the bing issues. Mumbai metropolis is among the five most contaminated metropoliss of the universe. The Municipal study insists that to cut down the air pollution in Mumbai metropolis it is indispensable to advance public conveyance viz. Rail web and Bus service. Many undertakings were suggested since 50 s for smooth Movement of Vehicles in Mumbai metropolis. The undertaking in inquiry was opposed, strongly by fisher work forces and other watchful indigens invariably. However the CRRI mentioned that these corridors should be implemented merely after detailed native research and the Execution of these undertakings should be started merely after the research say it is all right to travel in front. MUMBAI URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT-I was planned around 1984. There was a het encephalon ramping session in the Assembly and the Maharashtra Govt. appointed a high degree squad called the K. G. Paranjape Team to give a list in precedence of solutions to Mumbai metropolis s Movement of Vehicles issues. The Team submitted its amalgamate Report which had certain undertakings listed in a precedence list. Kirloskar Consultants and the Operation Research Group made a thorough research of Movement of Vehicles conditions and submitted their studies in July 1994. This study has rejected the Bandra-Worli Sea Link Project and the West Island Freeway stating that it will pull more and more Movement of Vehicles towards South Mumbai metropolis and the congestion will merely acquire worse in many countries. The study has warned that if the Bandra-Worli Sea Link Project is implemented it will take to more congestion and as a effect more pollution and hence impacting the wellness of Mumbai metropolis s indigens. The V.M. Lal Team has besides suggested curtailing automobile Movement of Vehicles come ining the island Site at Sion and Mahim. As per the newspapers it is clear that the Bandra-Worli Sea Link Project has no scientific footing. It is black to allow the individualized vehicles occupy more infinite and roads, as it will be harmful to everyone including the users of private vehicle. Constitutional Legitimacy of the Bandra-Worli Sea Link Project The undertaking is supposed to be based on a research made by the Central Water and Power Research Institute, Pune. The research is based on a hydraulic theoretical account and non on the existent sea is studied. It is imperative to observe that the Indian Ecological Protection Act came into consequence in 1986 and the CRZ Notice in February 1991. In 1994 the Notice which made it compulsory to do an Ecological Consequence Analysis came into force and in the Notice necessitating a populace hearing besides came into force. Obviously these legal demands were non fulfilled. The Ecological Clearance can non be given without making anterior research and detecting all the stairss of process. Even so on 7th January, 199 the clearance was given. The of import clauses of this clearance were besides violated. This attitude shows that there is no regard for Constitutional clauses. In add-on to this the site location of the proposed toll place has been changed after obtaining Ecological clearance. Outline1 Illegality of the Undertaking2 Rules for Ecological Conformity in India3 What went incorrect with Project Location?4 Extenuation Measures and Ecological Effect Analysis Report5 The affected individuals may include:6 Monitoring the Clearance Conditionss7 Misdemeanors of Ecological Laws8 1. Jeer of a Public Hearing9 2. Incomplete Ecological Effect Analysis10 3. Project assessment Report non Available for review or mistake determination11 4. Proved carelessness and Misdemeanors Due to Reclamation12 Undesirability of the Undertaking13 a ) Consequence due to Blockage of Mithi Water organic structure14 B ) Financial Viability and Absence of Realistic Projections of Cost Recovery4315 degree Celsiuss ) Issues with the Planning and Execution of the Undertaking16 Decisions Illegality of the Undertaking Rules for Ecological Conformity in India About every Progressive activity has some negative Consequence on the nature. The Effect, nevertheless, differs harmonizing to the nature of activity. Therefore, whereas puting up an industrial unit can hold serious Effect on the H2O and air quality besides impacting the vegetation and zoology of the country, a main road undertaking can dramatically force up the noise and pollution degree of the environing countries. It is with the intent of incorporating the possible negative Effectss of a development undertakings that the Nature Effect Analysis is done. Therefore, it can be stated that Ecological Effect Analysis is one of the tools available to contrivers to minimise and incorporate harmful effects of the development activity on the nature. The aim is to anticipate and turn to possible Ecological issues/concerns at an early phase of undertaking planning and layout. This is a decision-making tool to guarantee that finite natural resources are utilized within the transporting capacit y of the eco-system to avoid its prostration. It is desirable to guarantee that the development options under consideration are sustainable. In making so, Ecological effects must be characterized early in the undertaking rhythm and accounted for in the undertaking layout. It integrates the Ecological concerns in Progressive activities right at the clip of originating the undertaking when fixing the feasibleness study ; It can frequently forestall future liabilities or expensive changes in undertaking layout. Prior to January 1994, in India was carried out under administrative leadlines which required the undertaking advocates of major irrigation undertakings, H2O organic structure vale undertaking, power Stationss, ports and seaports and so forth, to procure a clearance from the Ministry of Nature and Forest, Govt. if India. The Ecological appraised squad of the Ministry carried out the Ecological appraised. In January 1994, the Govt. of India notified the Nature Effect Notice under regulation 5 of Nature Protection ) Rule, 1986 and 29 designated undertakings. The Notice made it obligatory for the 29 designated undertakings to fix and subject an, and Nature Management Plan ( EMP ) and a Project Report to an Effect Analysis Agency for clearance. The Ministry of Nature and Forests, Govt. of Indian was designated the Effect Analysis Agency. Systematic Matching Sampling EssayEcological clearance notifies that land renewal should be kept to the lower limit, at any cost to less than 4.7 hectares and the same should be monitored closely so that it does non go against the clauses of the CRZ Notice, 1991 or as amended later. Mrs. Geeta Pardiwala a indigen of Shivaji Park deposed before the IPT stating that ab initio we were told that there would be merely two pillars on the sea nexus, one at Bandra and the other at Worli. However now they are repossessing more land, as it becomes cheaper for them to construct the span. Harmonizing to the 1994 Notice, any enlargement of all bing or new undertakings requires that non merely a fresh Ecological Effect Analysis is carried out nevertheless besides fresh permission for the said undertaking is sought and granted. This has decidedly non been adhered to in the instance of the Bandra-Worli Sea Link. The present undertaking is based on the 1992 MMRDA study ; nevertheless there are a figure of contradictions to the original recommendations. The Ecological Effect Section has recommendations by scientist C. V. Kulkarni that no farther renewal be allowed on the Bandra side, to forestall siltation in the Mahim bay and the creek country. In undertaking such as mentioned above, in instance new preies are to be opened, specific blessings from the competent authorization should be obtained in this respect. This has been violated by the Mumbai metropolis Suburban Collector who has issued the quarrying Permit. The prey on site falls under a no development zone , Notified in development control ordinance for Greater Mumbai metropolis, 1991. Wherever fishing or other marine activities are acquiring affected, the concerned bureau should be consulted and their concurrency obtained for the undertaking in inquiry. The fishermen affected by the undertaking in inquiry were neither consulted nor was their consent obtained. Mumbai metropolis is geographically positioned to play host to creeks and shoal Waterss opposite promontories. In most of the countries, these brooks have been blocked. Mahim Creek is one of the few sites left where the moving ridges can partly come in the country. However, the Effect on the marine ecology, vegetations and zoologies, and the possibility of originating eroding has non been studied. With Mahim creek acquiring shallower because of the procedure of siltation, there is a greater danger for seashore like the Versova beach. The eroding here become a geological jeopardy, and has assumed dismaying chances. The route web in Mumbai metropolis is based on three north-south corridor paths and there are really few uninterrupted east-west paths. Therefore, Movement of Vehicles is concentrated on a few paths that have become congested. Mumbai metropolis route Movement of Vehicles has worsened by around four hundred per centum in the last 20 old ages. It poses considerable wellness issues. The W. S. Atkins Report ( 1994 ) was commissioned by the MSRDC to research the feasibleness of the Bandra-Worli Sea Link. The consequence of the study is based on a strategic transit computing machine theoretical account based on cost and clip of travel and calibrated for Mumbai metropolis. Undesirability of the Undertaking a ) Consequence due to Blockage of Mithi Water organic structure The most insidious facet of the nexus, that will jeopardize the life of every native individual, is related to the eruption of epidemics. Almost 800 million liters of sewerage is discarded everyday in the Mahim Creek, besides the 1000s of industries that release wastewaters that are located in Dharavi and upstream of the Mithi Water organic structure. B ) Financial Viability and Absence of Realistic Projections of Cost Recovery43 The generalised cost of travel for the Bandra-Worli Sea Link is taken as the amount of travel clip cost, direct cost of travel and cost of uncomfortableness. By sing merely internal and direct costs borne by automobilists, the undertaking contrivers have non considered external and chance costs of the undertaking degree Celsiuss ) Issues with the Planning and Execution of the Undertaking It is non possible to accurately foretell the behavior of the sea utilizing a research based on theoretical accounts. Besides the day of the month used is outdated and the subsequent development i.e. the EPA of 1986 and the CRZ Regulation of 1991 have non been considered. Further, the CWPRS study goes on to state that the building of the span is non likely to make any inauspicious status along the costs. However as we have seen, this is decidedly non right, and among other thing with respects to Livings, inundations and mangroves the negative Effect is already being experienced Most experts agree that Socio-economic and fiscal instruments can assist accomplish sustainable development. Issues associating to transit are so complexly assorted with other issues, such as agricultural land usage and demographic and cultural tendencies that merely a coherent set of policy steps will work. Obviously, policy recommendations must be made on a case-by instance footing ; nevertheless some generalised attacks can be suggested. Transportation system policy schemes should dwell of Socio-economic, institutional, technological, information and land-use reforms. A balanced scheme should put criterions that can be used to accomplish full-cost recovery, inform consumers, provide options for them and incorporate societal and urban planning. Decisions It is understood from the above discussed study that non one, but several facets of the Ecological Regulations of the state have been violated in the proceedings of this undertaking. The undertaking as is planned will merely seek to extinguish the issue of vehicular pollution and Movement of Vehicles particularly in the Worli-Haji Ali Area which is already badly congested due to miss of infinite. The most bothersome portion of the undertaking is that in deepness research utilizing current informations have non been used to gauge the Ecological Effect of the undertaking on the site s coastline, mangrove woods and marine ecology, which till day of the month remains a major defect in the program. Last as there has been no study started to arouse how much the indigens are willing to pay for the usage of the span it should non stop up being another white Elephant to the State s treasury.

The other wes moore free essay sample

Everyone lives their life differently. It’s obvious, yet so obscure. People look at others and wonder why they function the way that they do. The truth is, we will never know. Everyone’s story is different. Everyone has a different upbringing, and different values. In The Other Wes Moore: One Name, Two Fates by Wes Moore, this concept is brought to light, showing how different two lives can become when they go separate ways; one towards education and its rewards, the other towards money and its corrupted power. One of the stories written in this book belongs to the author Wes Moore himself. While he had a rough start to life, with his dad dying unexpectedly when he was only three years old, he came out with a very successful life for himself. In his family, education was a vital part of life, and his mom would give them the best possible education that she could. We will write a custom essay sample on The other wes moore or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moore states: â€Å"My mother decided soon after our move to the Bronx that I was not going to public school. She wasn’t a snob, she was scared†¦ But no matter how much the world around us seemed ready to crumble, my mother was determined to see us through it. When we moved to New York, she worked multiple jobs†¦whatever she could do to help cover her growing expenses† (47). Moore’s mother, a college graduate herself, would not let her children fail to receive a proper education. She sent them to Riverdale, an expensive, private school, so that they wouldn’t fall victim to the public school system of the Bronx. Failure was never an option in Wes’s household, and even though he had tried to rebel against this fact many times as a young child, this is ultimately what helped him to succeed in the rest of his life. There had been multiple times in his life that Wes could have fallen victim to the streets, and become just another juvenile criminal like so many around him, but he didn’t, because of the constant fight that his mother put up to make sure that he succeeded and attained a good education. When Joy, Wes’s mom, noticed that Wes was not doing well in the private school, she sent him away to a military school, in hopes of helping her son get his life together. At first, Wes tried to run away, trying to rebel and go down his own path in life, but had eventually chosen to turn his life around and this decision was one of the most important ones made in his life, because it was the starting point of his success. Wes completed high school at the military academy, and eventually went on to John’s Hopkins, where he was the first Rhodes scholar in 13 years, along with being the first African American student ever to receive it, and then onto Oxford, where he completed his Master’s in International Relations. The less fortunate of the two stories belongs to a man, whose name is also Wes Moore, who went down a life path quite the opposite of the former. While this Wes also didn’t have a father in his life, it was because his father chose not to be, not because of untimely death like the other Mr. Moore. Instead of education being a vital aspect of their lives, this Wes and his family lived with money being the name of their game. Wes found himself wading into the drug game by the time he was eight years old, and had dropped out of high school completely by his sophomore year. While there was one point when Wes had wanted- and tried- to straighten his life up, but it didn’t last. He went to Job Corps, and excelled quickly and extremely well while there, but fell back into his same habits and lifestyle upon his return home. â€Å"A year after graduating [Job Corps], he realized they (his problems, both monetary and drug related) had not disappeared ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã¢â‚¬â€ they’d simply returned to Baltimore, waiting for him to come back. In his absence, they’d compounded† (Moore 145). While Wes knew that the life he was leading was not one that he really wanted, he continued to find himself going down the same road. Even though Wes’s mother, Mary, never seemed to be around because she was always working, her son chased money the same, but not in a good way. While Wes was told that he needed to stay in school and stay away from the drug game, he didn’t listen, and eventually found himself caught up in the life of crime, and incarcerated for the rest of his life. Instead of doing the right thing and going down the path in life that would lead him towards success and living inside the law, he chose to act rebellious and live outside the law, and ironically, is forced to live the law for the rest of his life in Jessup Correctional Institution. Two men. Neither of whom had a father to look up to, and a mother who was working all the time. One of these men chose to lead his life down a path that he could be proud of. One that he never thought would be possible for himself. The other fell victim to the god that so many people chase after: money. Both of these men could have survived and conquered the world, yet unfortunately only one did. One small decision, such as putting on a headset, can change our lives for better or for worse. The Other Wes Moore free essay sample How do two boys with the same name who live within the same community end up with lives on two completely different paths? The author, Wes Moore, begins life in a tough Baltimore neighborhood and ends up a Rhodes Scholar, Wall Streeter, White House Fellow, etc. The other Wes Moore starts in the same place in Baltimore but ends up in prison FOR LIFE. The parallels in their stories arent quite as compelling as they may appear initially. For example, the other Wes Moore spends a number of his developmental years living in the Bronx, NY, whereas his namesake never leaves Baltimore and its suburbs. Though Wes Moore is shipped off to military school (after his antisocial behavior in a privileged private school), his educational path is decidedly better than his namesakes because of his mothers ambition. Wes Moore hit a quick reality check when he was sent to military school. We will write a custom essay sample on The Other Wes Moore or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He stated, I knew my mother was considering sending me away, but I never thought shed actually do it (87). Wes Moore, in a sense, thought he was too good for military school. But, he soon learned he needed to adapt to his new environment because he was going to be there for a while. During the time Wes Moore was in military school, he stated, Thats when I started to understand that I was in a different environment. Not simply because I was in the middle of Pennsylvania instead of the Bronx or Baltimore. It was a different psychological environment, where my normal expectations were inverted, where leadership was honored and class clowns were ostracized. (Moore 96) The other Wes Moore doesnt have this much support or as much push from home, although his mother was encouraging of his positive development. Further, the other Wes Moore has an older brother who in trying to dissuade him from pursuing his own example of a life in the streets ends up encouraging him to do just that. Moore quoted, He –Wes- loved his brother but had learned to ignore his occasional do as I say, not as I do tirades. Tony, by contrast, was desperately trying to give his little brother information he thought he needed, the kind of information that Tony never got. Tony felt his little brothers life could be saved, even if he  felt his own had already, at age fourteen, passed the point of no return. (Moore 27). On the other hand, Wes Moore has no such close relation or relationship dragging him down. While Wes Moore was able to change his situation and begin to make better decisions, the other Wes Moore was never able to accomplish such task. During one of their conversations, the incarcerated Wes said, From everything you told me, both of us did some pretty wrong stuff when we were younger. And both of us had second chances. But if the situation or the context where you make the decisions dont change, then second chances dont mean much, huh? (66). In the same conversation, about ? of the way into the book Moore realized an important aspect in life, I sat back, allowing Wess words to sink in. Then I responded, I guess its hard sometimes to distinguish between second chances and last chances. (Moore 67). There comes about a discussion on when Wes Moore and the other Wes Moore think they became men. Wes Moore thinks he became a man when he, First felt accountable to people other than myself. When I first cared that my action mattered to people other than just me(64). The same Wes later explains that he had, No official ceremony that brought my childhood to an end. Instead, crisis or other circumstances presented me with adult-sized responsibilities and obligations that I had to meet one way or another. For some boys, this happens laterin their late teens or even twentiesallowing them to grow organically into adulthood. But some of us, the promotion to adulthood, or at least its challenges, is so jarring, so sudden, that we enter into it unprepared and might be undone by it(64). Still, all of this would be minor were it not for the reality that Wes Moore is far more adept at relaying his namesakes historical story than at forcing the latters world in the present, especially the part that begins after he is convicted of perpetrating a life-changing crime. The other Wes Moore never quite comes to life as vividly as does Wes Moore, so he is not a particularly fascinating figure with whom to compare and contrast.

Promoting Your Books With Pinterest

Promoting Your Books With Pinterest Pinterest, a social media site, initially was popular among crafters, homemakers and Do-It-Yourselfers. Its becoming a popular destination as authors search for additional marketing possibilities. Pinterest can drive traffic to an authors blog or website, increase reader awareness and generate book sales. PINTEREST Pinterest is a free site (www.pinterest.com) where users set up boards and pin things they like to their boards. Think having a wall full of   bulletin boards. Create as many boards as you desire – one or hundreds. Name them – Books to read, Gardens, Fun to wear, etc. If you see a post on the main page that you like, click the heart on the upper right. If you want to save it, click pin it on the upper left. A box opens up where you choose which board to pin it to. Follow people. For instance, type chopeclark in the search box and youll find Hopes Pinterest page. On the upper right, click follow. Its that easy. Dont forget add your Pinterest link in your signature block, on your website and on your blog posts. WHY PINTEREST? Pinterest has over 100 million users. An estimated 70 percent of users pin/click through each month. Some authors have reported that Pinterest generated traffic surpassed Google+ and Twitter. TO PROMOTE YOUR BOOKS Set up a board for each book, or each series. Add a description about your book on each board. Include relevant keywords to show up in searches. Include links to your web site, blog, and sales page. (Descriptions are limited 500 characters. Bitly.com shortens those lengthy Amazon links.) Add pins that complement your book. Good visual images have the best chances of getting repined. They recommend having at least five pins on each board. Add pins that reflect the time period of your book, the area its set in, food or clothing of the era, recipes, etc. For instance, on my Trail Angel Mama – hiking board, I added pins about the Pacific Crest Trail, Wrightwood, California (story location), and links to useful hiking pages. When I publish a blog, I pin to my board, which directs Pinterest users back to my blog. When you start a new project, create a new board. Add pictures and information from your research. If the WIP name changes, edit the boards name. This helps promote your book prior to publication. Author Susan Wittig Albert has several series: China Bayles, Darling Dahlias and the Robin Paige Victorian mysteries that she co-writes with her husband, along with several stand-alone historical fiction books. Shes an active Pinterest user: 127 boards, 2,000 pins, and 3,000 followers. See her Pinterest page here. https://www.pinterest.com/susanwalbert/ Another Pinterest author is J.F. Penn. She has 31 boards: one for each book, and one titled My Books. She has a A Day in the Life of a Writer board sharing snippets of her life.https://www.pinterest.com/jfpenn/ TIPS Pin things specific to your target audience. Is it useful or entertaining? Hot Pinterest topics are: Food, fashion, fitness, beauty, dà ©cor, travel, crafts, children and pets. Share pins with valuable content: Blog posts, images, videos, essays, stories, character profiles. Be steady and consistent with your pinning to maximize your exposure. Better to briefly pin several times a week instead of binge pinning once a month. Pin at peak viewing times: late afternoons, early evenings and weekends. Pin your own unique pins along with repining others in your theme. READ MORE HERE: 56 Ways to Market Your Business on Pinterest, copyblogger.com/pinterest-marketing/ Your Writer Platform has a blog with usable tips and links detailing how to accomplish the recommended tasks. yourwriterplatform.com/use-pinterest-to-market-book-and-author-brand/

How did slavery affect gender roles for African Americans Essay

How did slavery affect gender roles for African Americans - Essay Example The history of slavery is almost as old as humanity having being practised for centuries in Asia, Africa, Europe and even Americas before European settlement. North America was a late entrant in the human trade as Spanish and Portuguese slavers are approximated to have transported over a million African slaves to South America prior to those in North America (Drescher and Engerman, 1998). Slavery in America can be traced to the first European settlements in the seventeenth century (1619) in Virginia when the Dutch sold the first African slaves (19) to the English colonialist settlers. The number of slaves ballooned with as the importance of cotton and later tobacco trade intensified (Engerman et al, 2003). The original settlers did not regard their slaves as destined for lifelong servitude until the 1660s when Maryland in 1664 declared that all slaves and their children would in future be deemed permanent ‘servants’. This conventional theorem has been disputed by McColley (1988, Pg.280), who asserts that these ‘captives’ were common slaves held against their will and only termed servants by historians due to the lack of records then as the word slave was only introduced from the mid nineteenth century. The decline of slave trade in Europe has though being attributed to the equivalent slavery rise in the New Lands in the Americas (BBC, 2007). The Ante-Bellum South comprised of the southern American states that were still practising slavery before the American Civil War. The ante-bellum south were the plantation owners who relied on slave labour to operate their expansive farms. The main ‘Black Belt’ segment was made of the cotton growing states of Carolinas, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas; the tobacco producing states of Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina and Kentucky; hemp

Slavery in america contritubuted greatly to the economin growth which Research Paper

Slavery in america contritubuted greatly to the economin growth which america prosper - Research Paper Example According to Garvin Wright, slavery was seen in the economic sense as a system of production6. Hence many people never saw anything wrong with using other human beings for cheap, or in most cases, free labor. Slavery became the sole production system that was most economically efficient especially in the South. The practice was able to produce enormous amounts of wealth for many people. Just before the start of the Civil War, the South, which was more slave-dependent than the North, had a much higher per capita level than Italy or Spain, two of the countries that were considered economic super powers then. The South’s use of slaves to enhance prosperity was greatly reinforced by political and social structures which supported the use of free or cheap slave labor2. Below is an analysis of different areas of the American economy where slavery was used as a major boost to productivity and profitability. The United States had huge tracts of highly productive lands in the South, but there was one problem: lack of labor. Therefore, with the coming of slavery in the continent, plantation owners could produce whatever they wanted using the labor provided by the slaves. One of the crops that greatly improved the economy of the US during the slave era was cotton. Many white Americans owned huge tracts of land where they grew cotton, especially in the South. Due to lack of mechanization, the farmers depended on human labor on their farms. With slave trade, the farmers did not have to worry about paid wages for their workers; they made them work for free. Although the Africans themselves did not gain anything from all their efforts, the rest of America did enjoy the fruit of this unappreciated labor7. Cotton was a major export and it used to earn the country a lot of money. The slaves made it possible for the farmers to produce large amounts of

Discuss Stevensons presentation of the charchacter of Mr Hyde in the novel Essay Example for Free

Discuss Stevensons presentation of the charchacter of Mr Hyde in the novel Essay The Character Mr Hyde, in the book Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson is left a mystery to the reader for the majority of this Victorian Gothic Horror. The suspense of this book would have been ever more relevant in Victorian times, due to the menacing and real evil of Jack the Ripper, a serial murderer who preyed the streets of London in the late 1800s. Jack is a person with which through the book, Edward Hyde shares certain characteristics, such as leading a double life. Investigators suspected Jack the Ripper to be a respectable man in daylight hours. They never did catch him. The first initial sighting of this stumping, little man was in the dark and early hours of the morning. This already suggests that Mr Hyde is not quite normal, as stereotypically bad things come out at night, so automatically the reader is intrigued. In addition, you can tell that he is going to be an important factor to the book when he tramples a child like a Juggernaut with no feelings and it is chilling to think what kind of a man does this. The person to witness the preliminary event involving Mr Hyde was Mr Utterson; Mr Jekylls friend and lawyer. In the event, a cheque with Mr Jekylls name on it was handled by Mr Hyde and given to the trampled childs family in the hope that they would keep his mistake a secret. No gentleman but wishes to avoid a scene. First impressions are the basis on which the majority of Hydes character is built, almost as if Stevenson doesnt let you see past Hydes (generally bad) first impressions to a sad creature that ends up weeping like a lost soul. Right at the beginning of the book, when we find Hyde trampling a child, Utterson has already taken a loathing to [his] gentleman at first sight and the ugliness of Hyde brought out the sweat on [him] like running. Then later, a witness to a murder remembers a previous meeting with Hyde, in which she had conceived a dislike for him. Further on in the book the effect Hyde has on people gets stronger as he grows in evil and stature. With his remarkable combination of great muscular activity and great debility of constitutionthis bore some resemblance to incipient rigor, and was accompanied by a marked sinking of the pulse. This quote describes Mr Hydes appearance, and the extent of his deformities. We begin to understand why he avoids daylight and why the public avoid him. There are numerous occasions of people feeling nauseous after meeting Hyde, and few people are unmoved on first meetings with him, Sir Danvers Carew is one of those who remain unmoved, but nothing good comes out of it. In the Carew Murder Case, we begin to understand the depth of Mr Hydes character. This is the first instance in the book where he is compared to an animal or being backward to society by dramatically changing his suspiciously polite mood to ape-like fury. This horrific change resulted in a vicious attack on Sir Carew, the person Hyde was so politely speaking to in the street who also happened to be a famous MP. Moreover, for an MP to be clubbedto the ground by a hailingstorm of blows was a crime of singular ferocity that London was startled by. A maid witnessed this cruel murder from a nearby house and gave Edward Hydes name to the police. The police then searched Hydes house in Soho, a downtrodden area of London that was lived in by the working class, the rooms were furnished with luxury and good taste but the house was in a mess, almost as if had been vandalised. This confirms to the reader that Hyde is a complicated and probably lonely person. There is almost an element of pity towards Hyde from the reader. In the final chapters the anticipation for something climatic to happen is at its largest and as anticipated, the mystery of Edward Hyde is unravelled and we see a somewhat unexpected side to him, although quite understandable because of his general unpredictability. Many questions arise within the reader when the usually brutal creature is found alone and dead in a cabinet as if he was vulnerable. Throughout the book, Edward Hyde is also depicted as being growing and ominous evil and as his inner evil grew he had also grown in stature, and to find him dead instead of the suspectedly murdered Dr Jekyll is certainly a shock to the reader. Many disreputable tales came out of that mans [Mr Hydes] cruelty and the fact he was still roaming the streets was unnerving to those who knew of him, yet he is found to have possibly committed suicide even though he had an immense love of life and fears [Dr Jekylls] power to cut him off by suicide In conclusion, I think that Hyde has been portrayed to be the pure evil of Victorian times and that Robert Louis Stevenson was really writing about the battle between good and evil. For example the times all through the book when Jekyll has had to clear up after Hydes mess (trampling the child was covered up with a cheque) is like the Victorians having to clear up after mistakes in their society and lives. Another example is Hyde being scared that Jekyll could stop him from living, which is saying that in the end good has more power over evil. In the book there is also an element of pity towards Hyde, as if he is the misunderstood character, but I suppose this pity for him could be a trap and in the end you will never see any real good out of him, this is along the lines of what Jekyll said in the final chapter. In this book, Stevenson has focused on Juxtaposition (opposites) and Jekyll and Hydes battle with each other is a metaphor of this. This book was a horror novel in Victorian times, and rightly so, with their obsession with hell and Jack the Ripper still roaming the streets this novel gave them even more reason to fear God and the evils that surround them.

Work Force Education or Literacy Development: Which Road Should Adult Education Take? :: Adult Work Education Job Essays

Work Force Education or Literacy Development: Which Road Should Adult Education Take? The world of work continues to change rapidly. Many workers will need to upgrade their skills and some will need to be retrained for entirely new jobs. Providing educational opportunities to these adult workers will lengthen their productive years and will also benefit the economy by creating a more flexible and more highly trained workforce. (U.S. Department of Education Strategic Plan, 1998-2002, 1997, p. 39) Our democratic institutions depend upon and are sustained by an educated citizenry. While moving from welfare to the workforce and creating economic advancement are valid outcomes of education, democracy demands much more. Democratic life requires critical inquiry, civic participation, and a commitment to the common good. (Auchter 1998, p. 2) During the past few years, the nations economic needs have driven many of the policy discussions within education. At the federal level, Congress has considered and debated bills that would consolidate a number of educational programs--including adult basic education and vocational education--into omnibus work force development and training bills. Provisions for block grants that would allow states greater autonomy and latitude in making decisions about how the funds are used have been included in these proposed acts. None of these education bills has passed, but the debate continues. In 1996, Congress passed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. More commonly known as the Welfare Reform Act, this legislation not only created sweeping changes in welfare policies that affected education and training, it also provided block grants that give states greater flexibility (Nathan 1997). A number of states have responded to the move at the federal level toward greater state autonomy and control by merging education, human services, and employment service agencies to create "super agencies" to oversee state work force development efforts, including adult basic education, welfare reform, and vocational education (Jurmo 1996). The increasing emphasis on work force development as a policy goal is bringing to the forefront a continuing debate within the field of adult basic education. Although adults frequently enroll in adult basic education for job-related reasons, the programs themselves have always had broader goals. In an effort to shed light on current perspectives about the goals and purposes of adult basic education, this Digest reviews recent literature and suggests solutions to what frequently becomes an "either-or" debate. The Current Context: Its Impact on Adult Basic Education

Competition in Energy Drinks Case Essay

Within the beverage industry companies like Pepsi and Coca Cola were using alternative beverages as a way to counter the effects of the decline of consumption of carbonated beverages. This in turn will help them sustain volume. These two large companies were working hard to expand their alternative market line by introducing sports drinks, energy drinks, and vitamin drinks. One of the largest issues at hand is the pressure to stop producing these harmful drinks, people felt that they had a negative impact on your body and believed their strategies promoted reckless behavior. Even though this was happening they had to keep pushing through to be very successful. Sales began to increase as well as market share which introduced several new brands to the alternative beverage industry. In the alternative beverage industry competition is fierce. Some of the major factors that play a role are product innovation, differentiation; create brand loyalty based on taste, the drinks image, advertising, and sponsorships. Many of these companies like Hansen and Red bull sponsored events to promote their brand. The strongest of the 5 competitive forces within the industry is that of substitution. Pepsi and Coca Cola made their products available to customers with ease pushing other companies out of business. The weakest of the 5 forces is buyer bargaining power. Buyers do not have much control over the prices at which these beverages are being sold. If they were looking for an energy drink they would have to pay the high prices. Buyers are starting to become more brand loyal so they will buy at high prices more often. Companies like Coca Cola and Pepsi seem to make the industry less attractive for new entrants. Reason is because they both are well established with good brand recognition. Consumers will most likely always choose the brand they are familiar than new unfamiliar brands. The market for energy drinks is declining, sales are down, and the market has matured. Over the next 5 years drivers of change will not slow down companies like Coca Cola, Pepsi, or Red Bull. Instead of looking to compete on price, volume, or market share gains it looks like they will look into product innovations to increase sales. At this point time drivers of change will most likely keep the alternative beverage unattractive for smaller companies. Pepsi and Coca Cola are able to counter the downturn the economy because of the broad range of products they have. Red Bull on the other hand has only a few products and sales are suffering. A few recommendations for the larger companies are as follows. Coca Cola does very well in the carbonated beverage industry but is way behind in the alternative beverage industry. They can do some research on countries where they want to sell their product and see what consumer actually want. By doing this they could create a product that will appeal to local consumer tastes. Pepsi Co. has done really well in the alternative beverage industry but has introduced a new line of energy drinks (Charge, Rebuild, Defend, and Bloodshot) that I have never heard of. It would be in their best interest to do an ad campaign to consumers. Red Bull on the other hand just needs to expand their product line. They are focusing mainly on their original flavor still and that may be a reason why sales are decreasing.

Federalism and the United States Constitution

Federalism is a compound system of government in which a single, central or â€Å"federal† government is combined with regional government units such as states or provinces in a single political confederation. In this context, federalism can be defined as a system of government in which powers are divided among two levels of government of equal status. In the United States, for example, the system of federalism — as created by the U.S. Constitution — divides powers between the national government and the various state and territorial governments. How Federalism Came to the Constitution While Americans take federalism for granted today, its inclusion in the Constitution did not come without considerable controversy. The so-called Great Debate over federalism took the spotlight on May 25, 1787, when 55 delegates representing 12 of the original 13 U.S. states gathered in Philadelphia for the Constitutional Convention. New Jersey was the lone state that chose not to send a delegation. The main goal of the Convention was to revise the Articles of Confederation, adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, shortly after the end of the Revolutionary War. As the nation’s first written constitution, the Articles of Confederation provided for a decidedly weak federal government with more significant powers granted to the states. Among the most glaring of these weaknesses were: Each state — regardless of its population — got only one vote in Congress.There was only one chamber of Congress rather than a House and Senate.All laws required a 9/13 supermajority vote to pass in Congress.Members of Congress were appointed by the state legislatures rather than elected by the people.Congress had no power to levy taxes or regulate foreign and interstate commerce.There was no executive branch provided to enforce laws passed by Congress.There was no Supreme Court or a  lower national court system.Amendments to the Articles of Confederation required a unanimous vote of the states. The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation had been the caused a seemingly endless series of conflicts between the states, especially in the areas of interstate trade and tariffs. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention hoped the new covenant they were crafting would prevent such disputes. However, the new Constitution finally signed by the Founding Fathers in 1787 needed to be ratified by at least nine of the 13 states in order to take effect. This would prove to be far harder than the document’s supporters had expected. A Great Debate Over Power Erupts As one of the most impactful aspects of the Constitution, the concept of federalism was considered extremely innovative — and controversial — in 1787.   Federalism’s sharing of powers by both the national and state governments was viewed to be in stark contrast to the â€Å"unitary† system of government practiced for centuries in Great Britain. Under such unitary systems, the national government allows local governments very limited powers to govern themselves or their residents. Thus, it is not surprising that Articles of Confederation, coming so soon after the end of Britain’s often tyrannical unitary control of colonial America, would provide for an extremely weak national government. Many newly-independent Americans, including some tasked with drafting the new Constitution, simply did not trust a strong national government — a lack of trust that resulted in a Great Debate. Taking place both during the Constitutional Convention and later during the state ratification process, The Great Debate over federalism pitted the Federalists against the Anti-Federalists. Headed by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, the Federalists favored a strong national government, while the Anti-Federalists, led by Patrick Henry of Virginia, favored a weaker U.S. government leaving more power to the states. Opposed to the new Constitution, the Anti-Federalists argued that the document’s provision of federalism promoted a corrupt government, with the three separate branches constantly battling each other for control. In addition, the Anti-Federalists stirred fear among the people that a strong national government might allow the President of the United States to act as a virtual king. In defending the new Constitution, Federalist leader James Madison wrote in the â€Å"Federalist Papers† that the system of government created by the document would be â€Å"neither wholly national nor wholly federal.† Madison argued that federalism’s system of shared powers would prevent each state from acting as its own sovereign nation with the power to override the laws of the Confederation. Indeed, the Articles of Confederation had unequivocally stated, â€Å"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled.† Federalism Wins the Day On September 17, 1787, the proposed Constitution — including its provision for federalism — was signed by 39 of the 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention and sent to the states for ratification. Under Article VII, the new Constitution would not become binding until it had been approved by the legislatures of at least nine of the 13 states.    In a purely tactical move, the Federalist supporters of the Constitution began the ratification process in those states where they had encountered little or no opposition, postponing the more difficult states until later. On June 21, 1788, New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify the Constitution. Effective March 4, 1789, the United States officially became governed by the provisions of the U.S. Constitution. Rhode Island became the thirteenth and final state to ratify the Constitution on May 29, 1790. The Debate Over the Bill of Rights Along with the Great Debate over federalism, a controversy arose during the ratification process over the Constitution’s perceived failure to protect the basic rights of American citizens. Led by Massachusetts, several states argued that the new Constitution failed to protect the basic individual rights and freedoms that the British Crown had denied the American colonists —   the freedoms of speech, religion, assembly, petition, and the press. In addition, these states also objected to the lack of powers granted to the states. In order to ensure ratification, supporters of the Constitution agreed to create and include the Bill of Rights, which at the time, included twelve rather than 10 amendments. Mainly to appease Anti-Federalists who feared that the U.S. Constitution would give the federal government total control over the states, Federalist leaders agreed to add the Tenth Amendment, which specifies that, â€Å"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.†Ã‚   Updated by Robert Longley